Wertheimeria maculata is a species of freshwater catfish in the family Doradidae, which is native to South America, specifically found in the São Francisco River basin in Brazil. Here’s a more detailed look at this species:
Physical Characteristics:
• Size: It is a medium to large-sized catfish, growing up to about 50 cm (20 inches) in length.
• Appearance: This species has a somewhat flattened body with a strong, bony structure, typical of doradid catfishes. It is covered in bony scutes (protective plates), making it look armored. The body features a mottled or spotted pattern, which is where its species name “maculata” (meaning “spotted”) comes from.
Habitat:
• Environment: Wertheimeria maculata is a bottom-dwelling fish, preferring fast-flowing, freshwater rivers. It is typically found in areas with strong currents and rocky substrates, which offer shelter and places to forage for food.
• Water parameters: It thrives in tropical environments with warm water temperatures (22-28°C or 72-82°F).
Behavior:
• Diet: This species is omnivorous, feeding on small invertebrates, plant matter, and organic detritus found in the riverbed.
• Activity: It is mainly nocturnal, like many catfish, meaning it is most active at night when it forages for food.
Conservation Status:
As of now, not much detailed information is available about the conservation status of Wertheimeria maculata, but it is not typically regarded as endangered. However, habitat degradation due to human activities in the São Francisco River basin may impact its population in the wild.
In the Aquarium:
Wertheimeria maculata is not commonly kept in home aquariums, largely due to its size and the specific environmental conditions it needs. For enthusiasts who are interested in keeping this species, a large tank with plenty of hiding spots, strong water flow, and good filtration is necessary. Since it is a peaceful species, it can generally be kept with other similarly sized, non-aggressive fish.
This species is more of a specialist’s fish, ideal for those experienced with keeping large, tropical freshwater catfish in a well-maintained aquarium environment.