The Red Severum, also known as the Red-Spotted Severum or simply Severum, is a beautiful and popular freshwater fish species among aquarium enthusiasts. Its scientific name is Heros efasciatus, and it belongs to the family Cichlidae. The Red Severum is native to South America, specifically the Amazon River basin and its tributaries.

The Red Severum is characterized by its vibrant reddish-orange coloration and distinctive dark spots on its body. It has an oval-shaped and laterally compressed body with a slightly arched dorsal fin and rounded anal fin. The average size of a fully grown Red Severum is around 20-25 centimeters (8-10 inches) in length, although they can reach up to 30 centimeters (12 inches) in exceptional cases.

In terms of temperament, Red Severums are generally peaceful and can be kept in community aquariums with other non-aggressive fish species. However, they may become territorial during breeding or if they feel threatened. Providing ample hiding places and creating territories within the aquarium can help mitigate aggression.

The Red Severum is an omnivorous fish that feeds on a variety of foods. In the wild, its diet consists of insects, small crustaceans, and plant matter. In an aquarium, they readily accept a balanced diet of high-quality pellets, flakes, frozen or live foods such as bloodworms, brine shrimp, and vegetable matter. It's important to provide a diverse diet to ensure their nutritional needs are met.

When it comes to aquarium setup, Red Severums prefer a spacious tank with plenty of swimming space. They appreciate the presence of hiding spots, such as caves, rocks, or driftwood, where they can retreat and establish territories. A sandy or fine-gravel substrate with some plantings can mimic their natural environment. It's important to maintain good water quality, regular water changes, and appropriate filtration to ensure their well-being.

Breeding Red Severums can be challenging but rewarding. They are substrate spawners, meaning they lay their eggs on flat surfaces like rocks or on broad leaves. They exhibit parental care, with both parents guarding and protecting the eggs and fry. Providing suitable breeding conditions, such as clean water and appropriate spawning surfaces, can encourage their natural breeding behavior.

In summary, the Red Severum is a stunning and relatively peaceful fish species from South America. Its striking coloration and interesting behavior make it a popular choice for aquarium enthusiasts. With proper care, a suitable environment, and a balanced diet, the Red Severum can thrive and become a beautiful centerpiece in a well-maintained aquarium.