The Sumo Loach (Schistura balteata) is a small, active freshwater fish from the loach family, known for its bold coloration and semi-aggressive temperament. Here’s a breakdown of what you need to know:

Scientific Name:

Schistura balteata

Common Names:

• Sumo Loach

• Belted Loach

Origin & Habitat:

• Found in fast-flowing streams and rivers in Southeast Asia, particularly in Thailand, Myanmar, and surrounding regions.

• Prefers clear, oxygen-rich waters with rocky substrates.

Appearance:

• Typically grows up to 3-4 inches (7-10 cm).

• Has a stocky body with distinctive dark vertical bands across a lighter, often yellowish or brownish body.

• Resembles a “sumo wrestler” in build, which is how it gets its name.

Behavior & Temperament:

• Semi-aggressive and territorial, especially with its own kind or similarly shaped bottom dwellers.

• Can be kept in small groups (3-5) to reduce aggression, but each will establish a territory.

• Very active and loves darting between rocks and decorations.

• Can be a fin-nipper, so avoid keeping it with slow-moving, long-finned fish.

Tank Requirements:

• Minimum Tank Size: 20-30 gallons for a small group.

• Substrate: Sand or smooth gravel with plenty of rocks, caves, and hiding spots.

• Filtration: Strong, high-flow filtration (replicating river conditions).

• Temperature: 72-79°F (22-26°C).

• pH: 6.0-7.5.

• Oxygenation: High, as they come from fast-flowing waters.

Diet:

• Omnivorous but leans toward carnivorous.

• Accepts sinking pellets, bloodworms, brine shrimp, daphnia, and small invertebrates.

• Will also scavenge on algae and detritus but needs a high-protein diet.

Compatibility:

• Best with fast-moving fish that can handle its temperament, like danios, barbs, and other small loaches.

• Avoid slow-moving, long-finned, or overly peaceful fish.

• Shouldn’t be kept with shrimp or small invertebrates—it will see them as food.

Breeding:

• Very rare in home aquariums.

• Likely requires seasonal changes in water parameters to trigger spawning.

• Not much documentation on successful captive